Hypermetropia / Hyperopia; etiology, classification and management

Hypermetropia, also known as hyperopia or farsightedness, is a vision condition that occurs when the eye is unable to focus on objects that are close up. It is caused by an elongated shape of the eye or a cornea (the clear, dome-shaped structure at the front of the eye) that is too flat, which causes light to focus behind the retina (the light-sensitive layer at the back of the eye). As a result, people with hyperopia may have difficulty seeing objects that are up close, but they may be able to see distant objects more clearly.

Hypermetropia is usually inherited and is present at birth, but it can also develop after an injury or surgery to the eye. It can occur in combination with other vision conditions, such as astigmatism and presbyopia (a condition that affects the ability to focus on close objects as a person ages).

Symptoms of hypermetropia include difficulty seeing objects that are up close, eyestrain or headache when reading or doing close work, and the need to hold reading materials at arm's length. It can also cause problems with driving at night, as it can make it harder to see clearly when looking at headlights or other bright lights.

Hypermetropia is usually diagnosed during a comprehensive eye exam, which includes a series of tests to assess visual acuity and the health of the eyes. It can be corrected with eyeglasses, contact lenses, or refractive surgery, such as LASIK (laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis).

In conclusion, hypermetropia, also known as hyperopia or farsightedness, is a vision condition that occurs when the eye is unable to focus on objects that are close up. It is caused by an elongated shape of the eye or a cornea that is too flat and can be corrected with eyeglasses, contact lenses, or refractive surgery.



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