Acute or Subacute Catarrhal Conjunctivitis

 Catarrhal conjunctivitis is an inflammation of the conjunctiva, a clear tissue that lines the inner surface of the eyelids and covers the white part of the eye. It can be acute, meaning it develops quickly and lasts for a short time, or subacute, meaning it develops over a longer period of time and has less severe symptoms.

Acute catarrhal conjunctivitis is often caused by a viral infection, such as the common cold or influenza. It may also be caused by a bacterial infection, such as streptococcus or staphylococcus. Symptoms of acute catarrhal conjunctivitis include redness and swelling of the conjunctiva, discharge from the eyes, and a burning or itching sensation. The eyes may also be sensitive to light and may feel gritty or sandy.

Treatment for acute catarrhal conjunctivitis may include warm compresses to help reduce swelling, over-the-counter eye drops to reduce redness and discomfort, and good hygiene practices to prevent the spread of the infection. If the condition is caused by a bacterial infection, antibiotic eye drops or ointment may be prescribed.

Subacute catarrhal conjunctivitis, on the other hand, is often caused by allergies, such as hay fever or environmental allergies. It may also be caused by exposure to irritants, such as smoke or chemicals. Symptoms of subacute catarrhal conjunctivitis include redness and swelling of the conjunctiva, discharge from the eyes, and a burning or itching sensation. The eyes may also be sensitive to light and may feel gritty or sandy.

Treatment for subacute catarrhal conjunctivitis may include the use of antihistamine or mast cell stabilizer eye drops to reduce allergy symptoms, avoiding triggers that may cause allergic reactions, and good hygiene practices to prevent the spread of the infection. If the condition is caused by an irritant, avoiding further exposure to the irritant and using artificial tears or lubricating eye drops may help to reduce symptoms.

In both acute and subacute catarrhal conjunctivitis, it is important to practice good hygiene to prevent the spread of the infection or allergies. This may include washing your hands frequently, avoiding touching your eyes, and avoiding sharing towels, pillows, or other personal items. If you wear contact lenses, it is important to follow the manufacturer's instructions for cleaning and disinfecting the lenses, and to replace them according to the recommended schedule.

If you are experiencing symptoms of catarrhal conjunctivitis, it is important to see a healthcare provider for proper diagnosis and treatment. Untreated catarrhal conjunctivitis can lead to more serious complications, such as corneal ulcers or scarring of the conjunctiva. In severe cases, it may also cause temporary or permanent vision loss.

Overall, catarrhal conjunctivitis is a common and usually mild condition that can be effectively treated with proper care and management. By following your healthcare provider's recommendations and practicing good hygiene, you can help to prevent the spread of the infection or allergies and reduce the risk of complications.

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