Coloboma of the retina and choroid

Coloboma of the retina and choroid is a congenital eye condition characterized by a missing piece or "hole" in the retina, choroid, or both. This can lead to vision loss or blindness if not treated appropriately.

Symptoms of Coloboma

  • Reduced visual acuity or vision loss
  • Strabismus (crossed eyes)
  • Nystagmus (involuntary eye movement)
  • Photophobia (sensitivity to light)
  • Nyctalopia (night blindness)

Causes of Coloboma 

Coloboma is caused by a developmental abnormality that occurs during the early stages of fetal development. The exact cause is not known, but it is believed to be related to genetic and environmental factors.

Diagnosis and Treatment

  • A comprehensive eye exam is needed to diagnose coloboma, including visual acuity testing, fundus examination, and imaging studies such as an OCT (optical coherence tomography) or ultrasound.
  • Treatment options for coloboma depend on the size, location, and severity of the coloboma.
  • In some cases, no treatment is necessary, and the coloboma may not affect vision.
  • In other cases, glasses or contact lenses may be prescribed to help improve visual acuity.
  • Surgery may be needed to repair the coloboma, such as a retinal detachment surgery, vitrectomy, or a choroidectomy.

Prevention

  • Coloboma is a congenital condition, meaning it is present at birth and cannot be prevented.

It is important to note that early diagnosis and treatment of coloboma is crucial to preserving vision and preventing blindness. Individuals with coloboma should have regular eye exams to monitor for any changes in vision or the progression of the condition.

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