Diabetic Retinopathy

 

Diabetic Retinopathy is a serious eye condition that occurs in people with diabetes. It is caused by damage to the blood vessels in the retina, which can lead to vision loss and blindness.

Symptoms of Diabetic Retinopathy

The symptoms of diabetic retinopathy can be subtle in the early stages and may not be noticeable until the condition has progressed. Common symptoms may include:

  • Blurred vision
  • Seeing floaters or spots in the vision
  • Loss of vision in one or both eyes
  • Visual field defects
  • Changes in the color of the eyes

Causes of Diabetic Retinopathy

Diabetic retinopathy is caused by high blood sugar levels that damage the blood vessels in the retina. High blood sugar levels can cause the blood vessels to become thickened, narrowed, or blocked, which can lead to a lack of blood flow to the retina.

Types of Diabetic Retinopathy

There are two main types of diabetic retinopathy: non-proliferative and proliferative.

  • Non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR): is the early stage of the condition where the blood vessels in the retina are narrowed or blocked, but there is no significant damage to the retina.
  • Proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR): is the advanced stage of the condition where the blood vessels in the retina have become damaged and new blood vessels have grown. This can lead to severe vision loss or blindness.

Diagnosis of Diabetic Retinopathy

Diabetic retinopathy is typically diagnosed through a comprehensive eye examination, including:

  • Visual acuity testing: to measure the patient's visual sharpness
  • Slit lamp examination: to examine the front of the eye
  • Fundus examination: to examine the

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