Differences Between Primary Angle-Closure and Open-Angle Glaucoma


Glaucoma is a group of eye disorders characterized by damage to the optic nerve, which can lead to vision loss and blindness. There are two main types of glaucoma: primary angle-closure glaucoma (PACG) and open-angle glaucoma (OAG).

Primary Angle-Closure Glaucoma (PACG)

PACG is a type of glaucoma caused by the closing of the angle where the iris and cornea meet. This closing of the angle blocks the flow of aqueous humor, the fluid that nourishes the eye, leading to increased pressure inside the eye (intraocular pressure or IOP) and damage to the optic nerve. Symptoms of PACG can include sudden onset of severe eye pain, headache, blurred vision, halos around lights, and nausea.

Open-Angle Glaucoma (OAG)

OAG is the most common type of glaucoma. In OAG, the angle between the iris and cornea is open, but the outflow of aqueous humor is blocked. This leads to a gradual increase in intraocular pressure and damage to the optic nerve. Symptoms of OAG can include gradual loss of peripheral vision, tunnel vision, and blindness.

Differences between PACG and OAG

The main difference between PACG and OAG is the cause of the increased intraocular pressure. In PACG, the angle between the iris and cornea is closed, which blocks the flow of aqueous humor. In OAG, the angle is open, but the outflow of aqueous humor is blocked.

Another difference between the two is the symptoms and progression of the disease. PACG typically causes a sudden onset of symptoms, and the condition can progress rapidly if left untreated. OAG, on the other hand, tends to cause a gradual loss of vision, and the condition can progress slowly over time.

Treatment for both types of glaucoma typically includes medications, laser therapy, and surgery. Regular monitoring is essential to ensure that the treatment plan is effective and to adjust it if needed.

Prevention for both types of glaucoma include regular eye exams, especially for people with risk factors for glaucoma such as age above 40, hyperopia, or certain types of cataracts.

In conclusion, Primary Angle-Closure Glaucoma and Open-Angle Glaucoma are two different types of glaucoma caused by different underlying mechanisms. PACG is caused by the closing of the angle between the iris and cornea and can progress rapidly, while OAG is caused by blockage of the outflow of aqueous humor and tends to progress slowly. Both types of glaucom

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