Ectatic Cicatrix

 Ectatic cicatrix is a condition in which there is an abnormal scarring or thinning of the cornea, resulting in an irregular shape or protrusion of the cornea. It is a rare disorder that can lead to significant vision loss if left untreated.

Symptoms of Ectatic Cicatrix

  • Decreased visual acuity (blurred vision)
  • Glare or halos around lights
  • Photophobia (light sensitivity)
  • Pain or discomfort
  • Redness of the eye
  • Tearing or discharge from the eye
  • Vision distortion

Types of Ectatic Cicatrix

  1. Keratoconus: It's the most common type of ectatic cicatrix, in which the cornea thins and bulges outward, resulting in a cone-like shape. It's a progressive disorder that can affect both eyes and is more common in individuals aged 10 to 25.
  2. Pellucid marginal degeneration: It's a similar condition to keratoconus, but it typically affects only one eye and is more common in individuals aged 25 to 40.
  3. Terrien's marginal degeneration: it's a rare disorder that typically affects older individuals and is characterized by an annular or ring-shaped thinning of the cornea.
  4. Other rare forms of ectatic cicatrix

Causes and Risk Factors

The exact cause of ectatic cicatrix is not well understood, but it is believed to be a combination of genetic and environmental factors. Some possible risk factors include:

  • Genetic predisposition
  • Eye injuries and infections
  • Certain medical conditions such as Down syndrome, Ehlers-Danlos syndrome and Leukemia
  • Certain medications or therapies such as long-term use of topical corticosteroids

Diagnosis and Treatment

Ectatic cicatrix is typically diagnosed based on the clinical symptoms and the results of a comprehensive eye examination, including visual acuity testing, examination of the cornea with a microscope, and a measurement

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