Etiology of GLAUCOMA

Glaucoma is a group of eye disorders characterized by damage to the optic nerve, typically caused by an increase in intraocular pressure (IOP). The etiology of glaucoma is not fully understood, but it is believed to be caused by a combination of genetic and environmental factors.

Open-angle Glaucoma

Open-angle glaucoma, the most common type of glaucoma, is caused by a dysfunction of the trabecular meshwork, the structure responsible for filtering and draining the aqueous humor out of the eye. In open-angle glaucoma, the trabecular meshwork becomes less effective at filtering the aqueous humor, causing an increase in intraocular pressure and resulting in damage to the optic nerve.

Risk Factors for Open-angle Glaucoma

There are several risk factors that have been associated with open-angle glaucoma, including age, family history, high IOP, African American descent, diabetes, hypertension, myopia, and certain medications.

Angle-closure Glaucoma

Angle-closure glaucoma is caused by a physical blockage of the angle of the anterior chamber, preventing the drainage of aqueous humor and causing a rapid increase in intraocular pressure. This type of glaucoma can occur suddenly and is considered a medical emergency.

Risk Factors for Angle-closure Glaucoma

There are several risk factors that have been associated with angle-closure glaucoma, including age, family history, Asian descent, farsightedness, and certain medications.

Normal-tension Glaucoma

Normal-tension glaucoma is a type of glaucoma in which the intraocular pressure is normal, but the optic nerve is still damaged. The etiology of normal-tension glaucoma is not well understood, but it is believed to be caused by a combination of genetic and environmental factors.

Risk Factors for Normal-tension Glaucoma

There are several risk factors that have been associated with normal-tension glaucoma, including age, family history, low blood pressure, and certain medications.

In summary, the etiology of glaucoma is not fully understood, but it is believed to be caused by a combination of genetic and environmental factors. Open-angle glaucoma is caused by a dysfunction of the trabecular meshwork, angle-closure glaucoma is caused by a physical blockage of the angle of the anterior chamber, and normal-tension glaucoma is caused by unknown factors. Risk factors for each type of glaucoma include age, family history, race, certain medical conditions, and certain medications.

Comments

Post a Comment

Popular posts from this blog

ABETALIPOPROTEINEMIA (BASSEN-KORNZWEIG SYNDROME) Retinopathy

Image
Abetalipoproteinemia, also known as Bassen-Kornzweig syndrome, is a rare genetic disorder that affects the body's ability to absorb and transport fats and fat-soluble vitamins. One of the ways that abetalipoproteinemia can affect the eyes is by causing retinitis pigmentosa, a condition that causes vision loss. Retinitis pigmentosa is a degenerative eye disease that affects the retina (the light-sensitive layer at the back of the eye). It is characterized by the gradual loss of photoreceptor cells (cells that detect light and send signals to the brain) and the accumulation of pigment in the retina. This can cause vision loss and may lead to blindness in severe cases. Abetalipoproteinemia can also cause optic atrophy, a condition in which the optic nerve (the nerve that carries visual information from the eye to the brain) becomes thin and weak. This can cause vision loss and other visual problems. In conclusion, abetalipoproteinemia can affect the eyes by causing reti...
Read more

What is myopia?

Image
Myopia is nearsightedness and this condition of eye occurs when the power of eye is increased from the normal powers of eye. The normal powers of eye is 58DS and the eye with >58DS eye power will be marked as myopic eye.  Definition   When parallel light rays coming from the infinity focus Infront of the retina while the accommodation should be at rest this condition of eye is known as myopia.
Read more

Scleritis

Scleritis 👌is a painful inflammation (swelling) the sclera. The tough, fibrous tissues of the sclera form a protective outer layer for the eye and make up 83 percent of the eye’s surface. In almost half of all cases, scleritis is associated with an underlying autoimmune disorder such as rheumatoid arthritis. There are two main types of scleritis: anterior and posterior. Anterior scleritis, the most common type, affects the front portion of the sclera. There are three types of anterior scleritis: Diffuse scleritis is the most common type and fortunately the most treatable. This type displays widespread redness and inflammation throughout the whole or a portion of the front portion of the sclera.     Nodular scleritis, is characterized by the presence of nodules , often tender to the touch, on the surface of the eye.     Necrotizing scleritis is the most severe form of anterior scleritis. It has the ability to destroy scleral tissues an...
Read more