Keratomileusis


Keratomileusis is a type of refractive surgery that is used to correct vision problems such as nearsightedness (myopia), farsightedness (hyperopia), and astigmatism. The procedure involves reshaping the cornea, the clear, dome-shaped surface of the eye, using a laser or other surgical tool in order to more accurately focus light onto the retina and improve vision. There are several different types of keratomileusis procedures, including laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis (LASIK), photorefractive keratectomy (PRK), and laser-assisted subepithelial keratomileusis (LASEK).

LASIK

Laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) is the most common type of keratomileusis procedure and involves the creation of a thin flap on the surface of the cornea using a special tool called a microkeratome or a femtosecond laser. The flap is then lifted, revealing the underlying corneal tissue. The laser is then used to reshape the corneal tissue based on the patient's eyeglass prescription. The flap is then repositioned and allowed to heal naturally.

PRK

Photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) is similar to LASIK, but it does not involve the creation of a corneal flap. Instead, the outer layer of the cornea (the epithelium) is removed and the underlying corneal tissue is reshaped using the laser. The epithelium will then regenerate naturally over the next few days. PRK may be recommended for patients with thin corneas or other conditions that may make them poor candidates for LASIK.

LASEK

Laser-assisted subepithelial keratomileusis (LASEK) is similar to PRK, but it involves the creation of a thin layer of the epithelium rather than removing the entire epithelial layer. The laser is then used to reshape the underlying corneal tissue, and the epithelial layer is replaced. LASEK may be recommended for patients with thin corneas or other conditions that may make them poor candidates for LASIK or PRK.

Benefits of Keratomileusis

Keratomileusis procedures have several benefits compared to other types of refractive surgery, including:

  • Quick recovery time: Most people experience a rapid improvement in their vision after a keratomileusis procedure, with many people noticing a significant improvement within the first 24 hours.
  • High success rate: Keratomileusis procedures have a high success rate, with most people achieving 20/20 vision or better after the procedure.
  • Low risk of complications: Keratomileusis procedures carry a low risk of complications compared to other types of refractive surgery, such as epikeratophakia.

Risks and Complications of Keratomileusis

Keratomileusis procedures carry a number of potential risks and complications, including:

  • Infection
  • Overcorrection or undercorrection of the refractive error
  • Dry eye
  • Flap complications (such as wrinkle, partial dislocation, or complete dislocation)
  • Epithelial ingrowth (the growth of cells from the epithelium underneath the corneal flap)
  • Corneal ectasia (thinning and bulging of the cornea)

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