Periphlebitis Retinae (Eale's Disease)


Introduction

Periphlebitis retinae, also known as Eale's disease, is a rare condition characterized by inflammation of the small blood vessels that supply the retina. It is considered a type of retinal vasculitis. Eale's disease is named after the British ophthalmologist who first described it in the early 20th century. The exact cause of Eale's disease is not known, but it is believed to be autoimmune in nature. In this article, we will explore Eale's disease in more detail.

Symptoms

The symptoms of Eale's disease can vary depending on the stage of the condition. Early symptoms include floaters, visual disturbances, and eye pain. As the condition progresses, patients may experience more severe symptoms such as vision loss, scotoma, and metamorphopsia.

Diagnosis

Eale's disease is typically diagnosed based on a combination of clinical examination, fundus photography, and fluorescein angiography. The fundus photography will show characteristic periphlebitis, which are small, white or yellow inflammatory spots or lines in the retina.

Treatment

The main treatment for Eale's disease is corticosteroids, which are used to reduce inflammation and prevent the progression of the disease. In some cases, immunosuppressant drugs may also be used. Surgery is usually not required for Eale's disease.

Prognosis

The prognosis of Eale's disease can vary depending on the stage of the condition. With early diagnosis and prompt treatment, the majority of patients will have a good visual outcome. However, patients with advanced disease may experience permanent vision loss.

Conclusion

Periphlebitis retinae, or Eale's disease, is a rare, autoimmune condition characterized by inflammation of the small blood vessels that supply the retina. It can cause a range of symptoms, including floaters, visual disturbances, and eye pain. Early diagnosis and prompt treatment with corticosteroids can help prevent vision loss. More research is needed to understand the underlying causes of Eale's disease and to develop more effective treatments.

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